Expansible-chamber motor



April' 27 192s. 1582,022

' F. ADAMS EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER MOTOR Filed March 5, 1923 55 Sheets-Sheet 2 ze "57 :f

61 J3 09 j 5 46 47 J0 47 ffy-1 'resa C. #claws April 27 1926.

F. A. ADAMS MEXPANSIBLE CHAMBER MOTOR Filed March 5. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 .sull 7u. 9 wsa/a a 6 ,MAA Y and/l @l ma. .Afm 0 s 1w ww ,nv/wma, E f M IHN ,la e I d/ 7 ,l ma s ,wy w @M9 7% d 7. 3 M f 5 7 M 0 7 67 m 27 l@ q, 9 I.

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Patented Apr. 27, 1926-n UNITED STATES FRANK A. AnAivis, :onen/Assn, LATE or Roozensrse, new Yorin; Bie lTERESA CATH- RRINE ADAMS, AniyirnrsrRArRX, or RoonnsfreR, new YORK, AssrenoR, yRY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, rro WASH-ALL rarissime ooRroRATroN, or ROCHESTER,

NEW YORK,` A coRroRAfTroN or DELAWARE.

Application filed March 3, 192B. Serial No. 622,609.

To all yzii/m t may Concern:

Be it known that Fien i e.. Ani-mis, de-

ceased, late a citizen of the United States,

pansible chamber typeparticularly adapted to be operated by Water. y f

its .objects are to, iinproye and simplity the `construction ot such motors, and to render their opera-tion certain and relatirely silent. 1

The intention comprises a combined inof tor support and valve casing, a cylinder and y housing;V supported thereby, the essential operating partstherein, together with the subconibinations and details ot structure more specitically'set forth inthe ensuing; description, illustrated in the aecoinpanying` drawings and defined in the appended claims.

ln the drawings in which `like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the several vieiysz Figure l is a vertical section, taken longitudinally through the motor cylinder and main Valve chamber, showing' the piston at the upper end of its stroke and the valves in position corresponding;

Fig. 2 is a similar' section of thelower part ot the motor cylinder and main valve chainber showin?,l the position of piston and Valves at the other end ot the piston stroke;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the pilot valve chamber showing the pilot valve in position eorresponding'.to the position of the main Valve and piston in Fig'. 2;

Fig. el a Vertical section similar to Fig. 3 but showing the pilot valve in the Aposition which it occupiescorresponding to the position of the main Valveand piston illustrated in Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a top plan View ol the combined motor support and valve casing;

Fig. G is an end elevationof the parts .and a nut shonn in Fig. 5 viewed from the rightl side thereot, a portion having' been broken away to disclose `theup per end of the pilot valve .and a linger adapted to operate it; f

Fig. T is a detail plana/ien kot the linger by which. the pilot valve is connectedUt-o the Valve trip rod, and

Fig. 8 is `a View partly in side .elevation and partly in section oi the lower end of the motor.

' Although. the motor disclosed hereinwill operate in any position, this description assunics that. the motor is .mounted With the cylinder in an upright posit-ion, motor support and casing l bein?,` held to afhorizontal plate, bracket or other suitable holdin;Y

means by insertion ot threaded part d through an 'opening therein and clamping the holding; means between the flange Zi screwed on the threaded part m ln the drawings, numeral l indicates the combined motor support and Valve casing` as an entirety; 2 the motor cylinder; 3 the housing: surrounding' said cylinder: t a cap secured to the housing` and cent-rally perforated to serre as lguide tor the piston rod;

the piston and 6 the vpiston rod sliding through the cap 4. f

Said combined support and casing l coinprises a cylindrically bored Valve casing' 7, Within Which operates the main Valve 8,M said casino,- beine' disposed at right angles to the axis of the cylinder 2,-and a pilot Valye casing 9.. disposed at one side ot `the casing` 7 atright angles to the latter Within Which slides the pilot valve lO. In addition -to the parts 'tor incasing the main valve and pilotvalye, an integral cylinder and 'housing' supportingv member 1l extends upward from the main Valve casing'. In `this supporting` member ll is an annular inner seat lf2 to which the inner vor lower end of the cylin- Y der 2 is secured. Preferably the lower end of cylinder 2 y1s exteriorly threaded and screwed kinto a correspondingly threaded openingin seat 12. On member 1 1 above the seat l2 is a larger seat 13 in registration with the seat l'rand havingan vexis lying in the senile straight line as the axis of seat l2. lVithin the seat. y13 is `secured the lower end or' the motel housing 3 .and it elseisf-r'1eerably7 threaded to said seat as shown. The two seats 12 and 13 are separated in the direction of their axes, the seat 13 being some distance above the seat 12. Between them there is formed in the easing` an annular chamber 11i which communicates by an annular port 15 with the elongated passage 1G between the outer surface of cylinder 2 and the inner surface ot motor housing 3. rl'he upper end of tno motor housing 3 preferably extends above the upper end oil the cylinder 2 as shown particularly' in Fie'. 1, thus providing' tor a clear unobstructed annular i'luid duct between the chamber 1%-, in the part 11, et the combined support and casing, andthe upper. open end ot the cylinder 2. Both cylinder and housing are unsupported otherwise than by their connection to seats 12 and 13.

The cap 1 may be threaded or soldered to the upper end ot' the housing 3 said cap having' an annular skirt or tlane'e 17 which emb'aces the upper end ot housing' The upper portion ot said cap is reduced as shown at il and is centrally bored to permit the passage oithe piston rod portion s is also counter-bored from the interior, or has otherwise 'formed therein a cylindrical cavity 18 adapted to accommodate packing` tor preventing' leakage ot pressure around the piston rod where it passes through said cap. Between the skirt 17 and the lower end of said bore 18 inwardly projecting supporting means such as lugs or a flange 19 are formed within the cap; resting upon said supporting means is a bride'e 2O adapted to permit passage ot piston rod 6. ln the upper end of the bore 18 suitable packing' material is confined. A suitable packing may consist of one or more washers 21 of rubber, tiber or the like supported by an unyieldine' wash r 22, ot metal. Between the lower tace of said washer 22 and the upper surface ot' the bridge 20, a coiled compression spring- 23 exerts its expansive pressure to keep the packing tight.

The lower-part oi piston rod 6 is hollow or bored as at G for at least a distance equal to the length of its stroke for a purpose that will presently appear. The bore G does not extend through the piston rod but said rod may he made ol? a tube plunged at a suitable d' nce 'trom its lower end. Threaded to the lower end ot' pistou rod (i, at 2l, is a disk-like piston plate 25. A second piston plate 26 is sleeved over the piston rod t3 above plate 25. Piston plate has holes to-pern'iit the passage ot screws 27 and the piston plate 26 has threaded holes registering; therewith to receivev the threaded ends 25? ot said screws. Between the plates 25 and 26 are clamped two pump leathers or cupped piston packings 29 disposed with their concave sides facili;` in opposite directions asis custcinariY in piston paekings et Reduced` this type. Secured to the lower face of the piston 5 by said screws 27 is a. shifter-rod actuating-plate 30 which has a central opening' oi less diameter than the bore of the piston rod G and registering' therewith.

Just below the threaded portion ot the inner or cylinder receiving seat 12 in the easing` 1 is formed a suitable ledge or equivalent rest 32. Upon the ledge 32 rests a plate or member 33. Said member 33 has a central opening in which the shifter rod 31 is guided and also has a plurality of passages to let water pass Yfreely 'trom one side to the other. The upper end ot shit'ter rod 31 has a head 3G oit such dinneter :s lo slide within the hollow piston rod (i but to be prevented from passing' out from the lower end oit the bore ot' the piston rod by engagement of the plate 30 with the under side ol" said head. The piston 5, therefore, when near the limit of the upward stroke will, by reason of the engagen'ient et the head 35 and the plate BO, lift the shifter rod 31. Secured on the lower end ot the rod S1 are two spaced-apart stop or limiting' men'ibers, such as metallic plates 37 and 38, portion 3) et' the shifter rod between them beine' guided in the central opening in said member 33. Above and backingl the lin'iitine,` member 3'? is a rigid collar 40 having an upper shoulder l1 that is adapted to be engaged by the plate 30, or lower ilace of the piston 5, when the latter is near the limit of its downward stroke in o der to shift said rod in the opposite or downward dir lction. At the lower end of said shitting' rod is secured a pilot ralre shitting` linger 4t2 which, as shown, is olliset slightly downward and extends to one side ot the axis of the c vlinder. The linger 42 is screwed as at 43. or secured in any suitable manner to the lower end ol" the shifter rod 31 and upon its upper face rests the limiting' member 3S.

In the illustrated embodiment the lower end of shitter rod 31 is screw threaded. Cellar 40 is threaded on the threaded end ot' the rod, limiting' member l? secured over said rod and clamped between collar ll() and. a threaded sleeve constituting' the guide portion 39 referred to. Lin'iiting member 88 is rigidly clamped between the lower end of sleeve 39 and the upper side oli' finger 42. The members 37 and 38 are circular plates of such diameter as to extend over the holes in stop plate 33, and said plates are slightly dished or provided with central bosses 3T and 38H, which may be produced by a stamping operation, on the sides 'thereof that contact with the stop plate 3? at the limits reciprocation ot' the shifter rodr These limiting?Y plates constructed described produce a partial throttline' of thev water at the ends of the motor strokes, acting' to cushion or retard movement, reducing the shock and substantially eliminatingl the leu liu

l lai Mil noise produced by metal striking against metal, and avoid the need ot' sott packings, which have to be replaced from time to time.

The outer end ot' said linger 42 is notched as indicated at 44 in Fig. 7, the notched end being adapted to engage in a groove 45 formed about the upper end or necli'ogt' the pilot Valve 10, said groove being,` ol a Width much greater than the thickness ot linger 42 in order to provide lost motion to permit thelimiting members 37 and S8 (and shi'lt rod) to be pushed ay from the guide and stop plate by the incoming` Water or drop away by gravity, respectively, un hindered by the pilot `valve. The neck et the pilot valve 10 projects into a chamber 46 which is in communication with the upper endet the pilot valve chamber in casi-ngt) and with the lower end oit the lcylinder 2; the upper end ot the pilot Valve, therefore, is subjected to the pressure of water entering or leaving the lower end of cylinder2. It will be apparent that as the piston reciprocates it will, as itapproaches the upper end ot its stroke, cause an endwise shirt o'll the pilot valve 10 in an upward direction by means otl the `connection described and, as it approaches the lower end ot' its stroke, an endwise movement of the pilot valve in doufnward direction. v

The main Valve casing 7,V tor convenience et manufacture, isbored completely through from end to end, the opposite ends or said bore having internal screw threads 47 lfor the r yception of correspondingly threaded plugs 48. Each ot' said plugs is provided with a flange between Which and the ends of the casino,` a suitable packing gasket is disposed. In order that the plugs 48 may be easily Vtightened or removed the flanges 49 are or" polygonal contour as at 51, so that they may be engaged by a Wrench. Centrally disposed Within the inner end of each plugis a buffer 52 adapted to cushion the impact of the main slide Valye S when shifted to either limit of its stroke. Each buffer 52 is preferably ont rubber secured in a een? tral opening 53 in a tubular boss 54 the end of which is adapted to be swedged or contracted upon the butler tol hold it securely in place, the end ot' said boss 54 extending not beyond the threaded part of the plug, and beiner separated therefrom by an annular channel.' y

Projecting; 'from one side of the Valve casingI 7, as shown in Figs. and 6, are hose nipples 55 andv 56fcommunicating with ports disposed at opposite sides, as shown in this embodin'ient, ot a Vertical lino coincident with the axis of the cylinder. To said nipples rubber hose or other -luid cond-uciors may be coupled. The port in commu-ncationwith the nipple 5o may be considered as the inlet port `tor motive fluid andthe port communcating` 4with the Ynipple 56 as' between lands and4 66.

the exhaust port. `Within the bored casing 7 there are a number of transverse annular enlargen'ients, chambers, or grooves adapted to atlord free passage of the motire Water from the inlet to one end or the other ot' the cylinder land romone end or the other or' the cylinder to the exhaust port 'in accordance with the position otl saidyalye 8. 'lg he annular chamber 57 is in direct communica tion with the inlet port,` Whichopcns into it. The annular chamber 58 is in direct cour munication with the chamber 46 through port 46a and throughchamber 46 with the lower end of the cylinder The annular chamber 59 is in direct communication with the exhaust port Which opens therefrom. The'chamber 60 is in ,direct communication with the said annular chamber 14 in member 11 ot the casing by means of a large duct or Imssageiray 6 1 which connects said chambers and therefore conducts the motive fluid to or from the upper end of the cylinder.

`Valve 8 comprises an elongated body having cylindrical lands 63, 64, 65 and 66, nicely litting the bore of the casing 7. The end lands 63 and 66 :'r'unctionas piston heads to enable the Valve to be shifted in a manner to bel presentlyexplained. 63 and 64, lands 64 and 65, `and lands 65 and 66 the valve body lis reduced in size to provide Water passages around the valve body. Between the endv lands or piston heads 63 and 66 the valve S is cored 'or holler.7 as indicated at 62. One end or 'the passage 62 thus formed opens through ports 6 into the space between lands 63 and 64, the other end of said passage communicating through ports `67 and 66 with the space When the valve lS is in the position indicated in` Fig, 1 the said inlet chamber 57 yis in .communication `with the chamber 60 through the ports 67 and 68 passageway 62 and )orts 62a in the valve 8' and under the l 7 same conditions the said exhaust or outlet chamber 59 is in communication with the lchamber 58 around the exterior of the yValve 8 between lands 64 and 65. lith the Valve in the position shown in Fig. 1, therefore, Water entering throuo'h the nipple 55 passes to chamber 57 andthencethrough rthe passageway 62 in the Valve to the ychan'iber 60 from which it flows through duct- 61 to annular chamber 14, rannular duct 16, intov the upper end ol' the cylinder 2. At` this time chamber 56 being` in communication with the chamber 59 around the exterior of the valve 8 between lands 464 and V65 the exhaust Water `'forced ahead of the piston 5 in its downward movement enters the chamber 58 and thencepa-sses .int-o chamber 59, and through the exhaust-port 'into the nipple v56.

In Fig. 1 the piston is shown at the upper ond 'ot' its stroked the pilot valve: having; been Slutted and lia-ving caused the morc- Betueen .lands s lles Cil

ment of the valve 8 to the right, as viewed in this ligure, in a manner to be presently explained. At this time, in accordance with the mode of operation described, the piston is about to start downward.

in Fig. 2 the piston 5 is shown as having reached the lower end of its stroke, the valve shifting rod 3l has been moved downward by engagement of the shoulder 41 with the lower tace ot the piston and the pilot valve 10 has been moved downward to the opposite end of its stroke and by means to be hereinafter described, has caused the valve 8 to be shi tted to the lett as shown in F 2, the parts being now in position to reverse the stroke ot' the piston and move it upward, At this time, water entering the nipple passes to chamber 57, thence around the barrel oit the valve between the lands G5 and 66 and through ports and passageways 68, 62, 67 into chamber 58 whence the water can pass only upward into chamber 4G, from Vwhich it passes through the openings in guide 33 to the lower end ot the cvlinder Q applying rpressure to the bottom ot the piston 5. in this position, the passage GQ through the valve is closed at the lett hand end by reason of the tact that lands (i3 and 64 are at that time engaging the cylindrical wall of the chamber 7 at its left hand end and there is then no outlet for water between these lands. As the piston 5 rises it forces water before ittrom the upper end of the cylinder into the annular passage 16, annular chamber 14, passageway 61, to chamber GO. Chamber GO is now in communication with chamber 59 around the barrel of the valve between lands 64 and G5 and the water therein can only escape by passing through the exhaust port into the nipple 5G. The operations described are repeated in succession as long as the motor continues to operate.

Referring now to Fig. 4, the mode of op-` eration of the pilot valve 10 will be described. In Fig. 4 said pilot valve is shown at the upper end of its stroke in the same position in which it is indicated in Fig. l and has caused a shitting of the slide valve 8 to the position shown in said Fig. 1. Comparing Fig. 4 with Fig. 1 it is to be remembered that in Fig. 4 the parts are viewed from the rear side of Fig. 1 and therefore appear in reverse position. The pilot valve casing 9 comprises a cylindrical chamber or bore 70 extending from the lower end thereot into the described chamber 4G. The lower end ot the chamber 70 is closed by a threadvalve 10 and the amplitude of its stroke are such that in operation the ends of the pilot valve never strike the top wall of chamber 46.1101' plug 71; limiting members 37 and 3S on pilotJ valve shifter rod 31, cooperating with guide and stop plate 33 insure this result. Cast with the casing 1, longitudinal of the main valve chamber, and connected at their' inner ends with the casing 9, as shown in the present embodiment, are a plurality ot ribs within which the several ducts providing the necessary communication between the main valve chamber and the pilot valve chamber are formed. lt will be understood that these ribs alord the necessary material without adding unnecessary weight to the said casing but they are not essential to the structure. The ducts may consist of tubes or may be drilled in the wall of the casing it said wall is thick enough. The duct 73 is in communication at one end with the chamber 70 and at the other end through a transverse port or passage 74 with the chamber 57 which, in turn, it will be remembered, is in communication wit-h the iniet port. The duct 75, which is in communication with the bore 70 et caf-:- ing 9, as fhown in the present embodiment, on the opposite side thereof trom its connection with the duct 73 and above it, extends longitudinally of and to one end Ot the main valve casing 7 where it communi- Cates with a t lansverse port 7G which enters the main valve chamber at the lett hand end thereof as viewed in Fig. l. The duct 77, shown below the duct 73, communicates` at o-ne end wit-h the bore 70 ot pilot valve casing 9 and at the other end with a transverse port 78, which enters the chamber in the slide valve casing 7 at the extreme right hand end thereol (see Fig. 2). The duct 7 3 is tor the purpose or admitting motive luid into the bore of the pilot valve casing 9. The ducts 75 and 77 are tor the purpose of transmitting motive fluid under pressure into the opposite ends ot the valve chamber in casing 7 for the purpose ot shifting the valve S to one end or the other of the chamber at the proper time. In addition to the said controlling ports and passages there is a duct 79, shown disposed above the duct 75, said duct 79 being in communication with the bore 70 oit pilot valve casing 9 and by its transverse port 80 with the annular chamber 59 in the casing 7 which, it will be remembered, is in direct communication with the exhaust port.

The pilot valve 10 is a generally cylindrical body having lands S4, 86 and 87, the valve body being reduced between said lands so as to provide annular passages lor water. An elastically expansive piston ring 10a is fitted in a circumferential groove in said valve 10 for the chief purpose ot causing adequate friction between said valve lill) and casing in order that the valve may not move except as it is forced to moveV by the finger 4t2 at the end of shifter rod 31, thus affording steadines of operation and allowing the shifting rod to move freely .i nitialA of the valve through ports 89, and at itslower end by ports 90, with the exteriork of the valve between the lands 86 and 87. rlfhe lower end'of said valve l0 is closed as byv plus' 91.

lilith the main valve 8in the position in- Y dieated in Fig. l and the pilot valve l0 in 'he position corresponding thereto, as indicated in Fig. l and Fig, 4t, it will be recalled that motive water was being directed into the upper end of the cylinder and the plston was about to move downward. At this time water under pressure from the inlet chamber 57 has entered through portfd, leading from the latter duct 7 3, into the bore of pilot valve chamber 9 between the lands and 86, has crossed oveninto the duct 75, passed through port 76 into the chamber of valve easing 7 ai; the left hand end of the slide valve 8 as viewed in Fig. l and has pressedthe slide valve over to the right as viewed in said ligure and holds it in position. The @pilot valve was placed in this (up) position by the. movement of the shift rod 31 as previously explained, and in moving to this position any water confined above the land 85 was forced into the duct 79 and through port 8O into the chamber 59 which, it will be remembered, communicates with the exhaustV port. The main valve 8, in moving to the right (as viewed in Fig. l) forces the water between itsright hand end and its adjacent plug ,48 through port 78 into duet'77, thence into the interior of chamber 70 between the Vlands 86 and 87, and thence through ports into bore 88 of the pilot A"valve thence out` through ports'89 at the -top of the said valve andy into ducts 79, `through Vport 8O andtherefrom to chamber 59ito the exhaust. Referring to Fig.V 8 there is also a .duct or bypass 8l associated *with the chamber y70. The lower end of the `bypass opens intorthe lower end of the chamber 70 as at- )82,` and the upper end at a point 88 intermediate the length of the said chamber,said point 83 being above the land 85 of the pilot valve when the latter is at the lower limit of its movement 8) but between the lands 85, 86 when the pilot valve is at the upper limit of its movement (Figi. fl). Part of the pressure water entering through duct `73 passes between lands v85 and 86 and through theJ bypassSl from point 83 to the lower end of chamber 70 fat point beneath pilot valve 10. The pilot valve 10 is therefore held in its upper position by water uexert'- ing inlet pressure on the lower end of said valve this pressure more than eounteraeting the exhaust pressure now being applied to the upper end of saidvalve by the exhaust water passing from below the piston 5. This gives substantial synchronism between main t and pilot valve.`

Referring now to Fig. 3, it is to Ibe remembered ythat the position yof the pilot Vvalve shown in this figure corresponds with the position of the slide valve 8 asviewed in Fig. ln the position shown inthese views," the piston 5-has reached the lower end of its stroke, has moved the 'shifting rod 8l downward and moved the pilot valve l0 to its lower-most position.` Water `beneath the pilot valve is pushed up through `the bypass 8l into the space between llands 84e and 85 and through passages 79 and 8O into exhaust chamber 59. At this time water under inlet pressure from the chamber A57 has passed through port 74 into duct v73 and has entered the chamber 7 0 ofpilot valve casing 9 between the lands 85 and 86 which now embrace between them the inner ends of both duets 73 and "7. lVaterthercfore entering` the chamber 70 of easing 9 through duct 73 fiows to lduet"('7 and through port z port 7 6 into duct `75 and from duct 75 intoA the upper end of chamber 70 in casing 99 above land 85 whence it passes through duet 79 and port 8O into chamber 59 which, lit will be reinen'ibered, is inv direct communication with the exhaust port. At this time the upper end of the pilot valve is subject to inlet pressure in chamber a6.

The screw plugs 92"shown as closing the outer end of thesevcral ducts 73. 75 and 77 are merely incidental to the n'ietl'iod of, manuvfacture of the casing because saidducts have been formed by drilling The screw plugs 9,3 and the'holes plugged by them are also merely incidents of the mode of manufacn ture. l i l It will be understood that, as this motor is intended particularly to utilize water as the motive fluid the metal` of which the metallic parts are made should be non corrosive. rlh'e mechanism comprises fewparts, is of extreme simplicity and devoid of springs, pivots,'and compound transmission elements. The small number of iixed parts,

their organization and varrangement con- 130' duces to eompaetness and strength. The retarding action of plates 37 and 3S in conjunction with ports 35 of stop plate Se, cooperating with the lost motion connection between shifter rod 3l and pilot valve 10 and the rictional engagement of the latter in the cylinder produces silent and steady operation or' the motor; while the direct connection between the inlet chamber 57 and the lower end of chamber TO substantially synchronizes. the movements ot valves l0 and 8.

Having thns fully described the invention, what is claimed and desired to secure by lietiers Patent is:

l. ln an expansible chamber motor, a combined motor support and valve casing provided with inner and outer seats having a common axis and separated in the direction of said axis by an annular chaniber within the casing, the outer seat being of greater diameter than the inner; a cylinder having one end secured to the inner seat, a cylindrical housing having one end secured to the outer seat and its outer end extending beyond the outer end ot the cylinder, thereby forming between the cylinder and housing an annular passage way in communication with said annular chamber and with the interior of the cylinder at the outer end of the latter; a cap secured to the outer end ot' the cylindrical housing; a piston operat ing` in the cylinder; a piston rod slidable through the cap; said combined support and casing having a. valve chamber provided with inlet and exhaust ports and suitable ports and passageways of communication with said annular chamber and the inner end of the cylinder; and a valve for controlling said ports.

2. ln an expansible chamber motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casing having suitable ports and passageways for conducting i'luid to or from opposite ends of said cylinder, a valve in said casing tor controlling` said ports and passageways, a valve shitting rod adapted to be shifted by the moven ent. of the piston at opposite ends oit its stroke, stop means on the shifting rod and stop means arranged to cooperate with said stop means on the shitting rod for limiting the endwise movement of the latter, and means whereby the movements of the valve shitting rod are rendered effective to shift said valve.

3. 1n an eXpansible chamber motor, a combined motor support and valve casing having a cylinder sea-t, a cylinder having one end secured to said seat, a piston operating in said cylinder, a valve shittingl rod within the cylinder adapted to be shifted by the piston at the opposite ends of its stroke, a guide for the lower end or said rod, a stop on said rod at each side or" the guide for limiting the longitudinal movement ot the rod, said combined support and casing` havinga valve chamber provided with inlet and exhaust ports, and suitable' ports and passageways ot communication with the opposite ends of said cylinder; a valve tor controlling said ports, and means whereby the movements of the valve shifting rod are rendered effective to shift said valve.

4. In an expansible chamber motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casing having a main valve chamber and suitable ports and passageways for conducting fluid to or from opposite ends ol said cylinder, a pilot valve chamber, and control ports between said chambers; a valve in'said main valve chamber, a pilot valve in said pilot valve chamber, valve shifting` means connected to said pilot valve and adapted to be operated by the piston at opposite ends of its stroke stops on said shitting means, and means cooperating with said stops for limiting the movement of said shitting means and preventing impact of the pilot valve with its casing at opposite ends et its stroke. C

In a water motor having a cylinder, a reciprocating piston, a main valve and a reciprocating pilot valve; in combination, elastic means for retaining the pilot valves at the opposite extremes of its stroke, a valve shitting rod adapted to operate the pilot valve, means whereby the shitting rod will be engaged by the piston as the latter a iproaches the opposite extremes ot its stroke and means within the cylinder adapted to cushion the stroke of the shifting rod, limit its stroke and eliminate noise comprising a spider bridging the cylinder having a guide passage for the shifting rod and plates carried by the shifting rod on opposite sides of the spider, adapted to partially close the cylinder in association with the spider as the shifting rod approaches the opposite ends ot its stroke.

6. In an expansible chamber motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casing having a main valve chamber and a pilot valve chamber, a chamber disposed between the inner end ot the cylinder and said pilot f'alve chamber, inlet and ei-:haust ports, suitable ports and passageways ot eonnnnneation with the opposite ends of said cylinder, and control ports between said valve chambers; a valve in the main valve chamber, a pilot valve in the pilot valve chamber, one end of said pilot valve extending into said chamber that is disposed between the inner end of the cylinder and the pilot valve chamber, a valve shifting rod within said cylinder adapted to be shifted by the piston at each end of its stroke, and a finger secnred to said shifting rod and having a loose connection with said pilot valve.

7. In an expansible chamber motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casing lll) lnain valve chamber, a pilot valve in the pilot valve chamber, the neel: of said pilot valve having` an annular groove and extending into said chamber that is disposed between the inner end of the cylinder and the pilot valve chamber, a valve shifting rod Within said cylinder adapted to be shiftedV by the piston at each end of its stroke, and a finger secured to said shifting rod, said :finger having a notched portion engaging said Lgroove.

8.111 an expansible chamber motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casingl having suitable ports and passagcways kfor conducting Huid to or from opposite ends of said cylinder7 a pilot valvevand a main valve in said casing'y for controlling said ports and passageways, a pilot valve shifting rod adapted to be yshifted by the movements of the piston at opposite ends of its stroke a combined stop and guide plate having fluid passages thereinthrough which niotive fluid passes yto and from one end of said cylinder, said shifting rod being guided by said plate, spaced stop and throttling ineinbers on said shifting rod at opposite sides of said plate, said members being` construct,- ed and arranged to partially close the passages in said plate at each end of the stroke of said shifting rod.

In testimony whereof I ax iny signature.

TERESA CATHERINE ADAMS, lalmmstmtm'm of Frank A. Adams,

Deceased; 

